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Regional, rural and urban development

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OECD Regional Outlook 2023

The Longstanding Geography of Inequalities

Over the last two decades, regional inequalities have remained significant, and have grown within many OECD countries. Impacts of recent shocks, including the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine, and megatrends, threaten to widen these gaps between regions, deepening the longstanding geography of inequalities. This report, Regional Outlook 2023 – The Longstanding Geography of Inequalities, provides novel evidence on the evolution of inequalities between OECD regions across several dimensions (including income and access to services) over the past twenty years. It sheds light on the role of productivity to address regional inequalities. It also looks at the costs of regional inequalities, which can weaken the economic, social, and political fabric, and lead to a geography of discontent. Furthermore, the report explores forward-looking scenarios for regions as part of ongoing reflections to future-proof regional development policy and secure social cohesion. Finally, it provides a policy roadmap to guide governments’ efforts to reduce persistent regional inequalities now and in the future.

Published on October 02, 2023 Latest available edition in: French

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Foreword
Abbreviations and acronyms
Executive summary
The global economic outlook could heighten regional inequalities in OECD countries
Twenty years of regional inequalities: Trends in OECD countries
Productivity and regional income inequality
The future(s) of OECD regions: Scenarios 2045
A policy roadmap to address regional inequalities now and in the future
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