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Anti-corruption and integrity in the public sector

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Lobbying in the 21st Century

Transparency, Integrity and Access

Lobbying, as a way to influence and inform governments, has been part of democracy for at least two centuries, and remains a legitimate tool for influencing public policies. However, it carries risks of undue influence. Lobbying in the 21st century has also become increasingly complex, including new tools for influencing government, such as social media, and a wide range of actors, such as NGOs, think tanks and foreign governments. This report takes stock of the progress that countries have made in implementing the OECD Principles for Transparency and Integrity in Lobbying. It reflects on new challenges and risks related to the many ways special interest groups attempt to influence public policies, and reviews tools adopted by governments to effectively safeguard impartiality and fairness in the public decision-making process.

Published on May 20, 2021

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Foreword
Abbreviations and acronyms
Definitions of terms
Executive summary
Lobbying in the 21st Century
Transparency
Integrity
Access
Summary and conclusions
Annexes2 chapters available
Detailed transparency and integrity standards on lobbying activities
Methodology
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