Effective Carbon Rates 2023
Pricing Greenhouse Gas Emissions through Taxes and Emissions Trading
Successfully transitioning to net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions requires effective
mitigation policy packages, which include carbon pricing measures: a cost-effective
policy instrument that not only reduces emissions but also generates revenue to support
the transition. This fourth edition of Effective Carbon Rates provides an overview
of the carbon pricing landscape, examining fuel excise taxes, carbon taxes, and emissions
trading systems (ETSs) through 2021, with updates on developments until 2023. The
policy mechanisms examined directly impact the cost of emitting GHGs, influencing
shifts in production, consumption, and investment towards low- or zero-carbon options.
The analysis covers 72 countries which together account for approximately 80% of global
GHG emissions. The report focuses on developments in ETSs and transport fuel taxes
amidst the energy crisis and provides comprehensive and comparable data on the current
status of GHG emissions pricing that can assist policymakers in identifying priorities
and refining carbon mitigation strategies.
Published on November 27, 2023Also available in: French
In series:OECD Series on Carbon Pricing and Energy Taxationview more titles