An industrial policy framework for OECD countries
Old debates, new perspectives
The debate on industrial policy has made a comeback in both academic and policy circles.
Yet, no consensus exists on an industrial policy paradigm and the absence of a common
reference framework unduly obfuscates the debate – even which interventions are to
be considered “industrial policy” is not clear-cut. Against this background, this
paper proposes a coherent framework for analysing the formulation of industrial policy,
relying on a purposefully broad definition of the latter. Leveraging the proposed
framework and a companion paper which synthetises the available empirical evidence,
this paper stresses the complementarities between policy instruments, thereby justifying
the use of industrial strategies, acknowledges the role of targeted industrial strategies,
which can direct technological change and growth, and of demand-side instruments,
which can contribute to transformative industrial change, but calls for a stronger
emphasis on evaluation and the regular re-assessment of targeted industrial strategies.
Published on May 03, 2022
In series:OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papersview more titles