AI language models
Technological, socio-economic and policy considerations
AI language models are a key component of natural language processing (NLP), a field
of artificial intelligence (AI) focused on enabling computers to understand and generate
human language. Language models and other NLP approaches involve developing algorithms
and models that can process, analyse and generate natural language text or speech
trained on vast amounts of data using techniques ranging from rule-based approaches
to statistical models and deep learning. The application of language models is diverse
and includes text completion, language translation, chatbots, virtual assistants and
speech recognition. This report offers an overview of the AI language model and NLP
landscape with current and emerging policy responses from around the world. It explores
the basic building blocks of language models from a technical perspective using the
OECD Framework for the Classification of AI Systems. The report also presents policy
considerations through the lens of the OECD AI Principles.
Available from April 13, 2023
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