The 4th edition of the OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment (BMD4) provides operational guidelines on how foreign direct investment (FDI) activity should be measured and sets the world standard for collecting direct investment statistics. |
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About the Benchmark DefinitionCompleted in 2008, the 4th edition of the Benchmark Definition (BMD4) provides:
BMD4 is fully compatible with the underlying concepts and definitions of the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF) Balance of Payments and International Investment Positions Manual, 6th edition (BPM6) and the general economic concepts set out by the United Nation’s System of National Accounts (SNA).
BMD4 was completed by the OECD Investment Committee's Working Group on International Investment Statistics. The result of several years of work and consultations with data compilers and data users, it improves existing concepts and definitions in the light of national practical experiences and incorporates concepts and definitions on elements missing from the previous edition (such as, cross-border mergers and acquisitions, special purpose entities, ultimate investing country). |
Links and documentsFDI database, news, analysis and forecasts
The OECD’s Revised Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment: Better data for better policy, by Maria Borga, October 2015
Implementing new international standards for compiling FDI statistics, 2015
Implementing new international standards for compiling FDI statistics
Glossary of FDI terms (pdf)
Survey of Implementation of Methodological Standards for Direct Investment (SIMSDI), 2003
FDI Statistics: How Countries Measure FDI, (OECD/IMF) 2001
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