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Both disability assessment and social protection for people with disability in Italy is in need of reform. Disability assessments and corresponding entitlements for disability benefits have increased in the past decade in all regions but more so in the south, which had a higher share of people on benefits already ten years ago (Figure 1). Spending for disability services also follows a north-south divide but in the opposite direction, with wealthier regions providing more services and spending twice as much per capita for health services for people with disability than poorer regions (Figure 2). Changing disability assessment by including a focus on people’s disability experience, not just their health condition, would change who is entitled to disability support. A pilot for a new assessment shows that the distribution of disability experienced follows a normal curve while the distribution of civil invalidity percentages looks arbitrary and is driven by system parameters (Figure 3). See the new report for more evidence on disability policies and the results of the assessment pilot for Italy.
Figure 1 |
Figure 2 |
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Source: OECD calculations using INPS* data prepared for the OECD |
Source: OECD calculations using population data from ISTAT** and health service data from BDAP***. |
Figure 3 |
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Source: OECD calculations based on the pilot data. |
*INPS: Istituto Nazionale della Previdenza Sociale
**ISTAT: Istituto Nazionale di Statistica
***BDAP: Banca Dati Amministrazioni Pubbliche