Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Poland 2011
The International Energy Agency's comprehensive 2011 review Poland's energy policies
and programmes. The review finds that Poland has made commendable efforts to develop
a solid energy policy framework over the last years. As energy security is a high
policy priority, the country is enhancing gas supply security by building an LNG terminal,
expanding underground storage capacity and increasing domestic gas production. Polish
plans for developing electricity and gas cross-border links will also contribute to
regional security of supply. In addition, the government has announced an ambitious
nuclear programme by 2030, envisaging the first unit to enter operation by 2022. Other
achievements include energy intensity improvements, an increased share of renewables
and a stronger focus on energy research and development (R&D).
Despite these positive developments, there is room for improving Poland�fs energy
strategy. First, a more integrated energy and climate policy is needed to put Poland
firmly on a low-carbon path while enhancing energy security. Second, energy policy
could put more emphasis on promoting competition to make the energy markets more efficient.
Decarbonising Poland�fs power sector will be a particularly significant challenge
requiring huge investments. Coal accounts for 55% of Polish primary energy supply
and 92% of electricity generation, raising significant climate change and environmental
challenges. To this end, Poland�fs efforts to improve energy efficiency and to diversify
the country�fs energy mix are praiseworthy and should be pursued. The government�fs
attention to R&D on clean coal technologies, including carbon capture and storage
(CCS) is also encouraging. The government could put more focus on the positive role
that gas can play in decarbonising the electricity mix, especially if Poland�fs potential
resources of unconventional gas are confirmed. To tap these resources, it will be
vital to put the necessary legal and regulatory framework in place.
This in-depth review analyses the energy challenges facing Poland and provides sectoral
critiques and recommendations for further policy improvements. It is intended to help
guide the country towards a more secure and sustainable energy future.
Published on March 02, 2011
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