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  • 6-June-2018

    English

    Socio-economic assessment of phthalates - Environment Working Paper

    This paper gives an overview of economic assessments of the benefits of the control of exposure to phthalates, a group of chemicals with numerous uses, most importantly, as a plasticiser to make rigid plastics like PVC flexible. There is significant concern that these substances can act as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), affecting both human health and ecosystems.

  • 6-June-2018

    English

    Economic Valuation in Formaldehyde regulation - Environment Working Paper

    This paper gives an overview of economic assessments of the benefits of the control of formaldehyde and reflects on developments in its risk management and regulation. Formaldehyde is used in the manufacture of resins, as a disinfectant and fixative and as a preservative in consumer products. Formaldehyde exposure can be harmful to human health.

  • 28-mai-2018

    Français

    Décision-Recommandation du Conseil relative à l’examen en coopération des produits chimiques et à la réduction des risques liés à ces produits

    La Décision-Recommandation relative à l’examen en coopération des produits chimiques existants et à la réduction des risques liés à ces produits révise et remplace la Décision-Recommandation de 1991. La partie A se concentre sur le développement de méthodologies harmonisées sur l’évaluation des dangers et l’exposition aux produits chimiques. La partie B se concentre sur la prévention et la réduction des risques.

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  • 24-May-2018

    English

    Improving Markets for Recycled Plastics - Trends, Prospects and Policy Responses

    Plastics have become one of the most prolific materials on the planet: in 2015 we produced about 380 million tonnes of plastics globally, up from 2 million tonnes in the 1950s. Yet today only 15% of this plastic waste is collected and recycled into secondary plastics globally each year. This report looks at why this is the case and what we can do about it, as the pervasiveness of plastics is becoming an urgent public health and planetary problem. Not only is the diffusion of waste plastics into the wider environment creating hugely negative impacts, but plastics production emits approximately 400 million tonnes of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions annually as a result of the energy used in their production, transport, and final waste treatment. Improved plastics collection and recycling represents a promising solution to these concerns.
  • 22-March-2018

    English

    Economic assessment and valuations of environmental and health impacts caused by Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and its salts - Environment Working Paper

    Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is being used in fluoropolymer production, as surface treatment agents and for the manufacture of side-chain fluorinated polymers. However, there is evidence that PFOA and its salts have a number of hazardous properties that may cause harm to human health and the environment. This report evaluates existing economic assessments and valuations of impacts arising from PFOA and its salts.

  • 21-December-2017

    English

    Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms in the Environment, Volume 7 - OECD Consensus Documents

    Volume 7 of the Series compiles the OECD consensus documents for use in environmental risk assessment of transgenic organisms (biosafety) issued in 2016 and 2017. The first two chapters cover the biology of plant species (sorghum and tomato) and include elements of taxonomy, centres of origin, reproductive biology, genetics, outcrossing, crop production and cultivation practices, interactions with other organisms, main pests and pathogens, and biotechnological developments. The third chapter relates to Atlantic salmon, the first OECD biosafety publication to address an animal species. It describes the biology and ecology of wild salmon (including classification, life stages, reproduction, centres of origin, geographical distribution, population dynamics, interaction with other organisms) and of the farmed form (domestication, aquaculture rearing practices, biocontainment, interactions with the external environment). It also provides elements of genetics, research on genetically engineered salmon and resources for its risk assessment.
  • 6-December-2017

    English

    BioTrack Product Database

    This OECD database allows regulatory officials and stakeholders to share information on products derived from the use of modern biotechnology, as well as some products with novel traits acquired by the use of conventional breeding or mutagenesis, that have been approved for commercial application in at least one country, in terms of food, feed or environmental safety.

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  • 4-December-2017

    English

    Environmental biosafety

    Most OECD countries and many non-members have a system of regulatory oversight for products of modern biotechnology (genetically-engineered /transgenic organisms) which are intended for release to the environment. The OECD biosafety work programme aims to consider all types of organisms (plants, trees, animals, micro-organisms) and to promote international harmonisation.

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  • 9-octobre-2017

    Français

    Essai no. 244 : Essai d'inhibition des protozoaires des boues activées

    Cette Ligne directrice décrit une méthode qui permet d’évaluer les effets d’un produit chimique sur l’activité phagocytaire de boues activées contenant des organismes protozoaires, dans des conditions pré-déterminées, dans une gamme de concentrations croissantes du produit chimique testé. Le principe d’une station de traitement biologique des eaux usées est de transformer la matière organique des eaux usées entrantes en biomasse microbienne, qui est séparée à son tour du liquide pour donner un effluent purifié. L’objectif de cet essai est de générer des données sur les effets des produits chimiques testés sur les protozoaires ciliés vivant dans les stations d’épuration qui, se nourissant de bactéries, assure la clarification des eaux usées et, par conséquent, la transparence, c’est-à-dire la faible charge organique des eaux de sortie.
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  • 9-octobre-2017

    Français

    Essai no. 318 : Stabilité de dispersion des nanomatériaux en milieu environnemental simulé

    La présente ligne directrice pour les essais de produits chimiques décrit une méthode d’essai permettant d’obtenir des données sur la stabilité de dispersion des nanomatériaux manufacturés en milieu environnemental simulé. Cette ligne directrice a principalement pour objet l’évaluation de la capacité d’un nanomatériau à former une dispersion colloïdale et à conserver cet état de dispersion dans des conditions similaires à celles de l’environnement. La méthode d’essai comporte la dispersion du nanomatériau par une procédure de sonication calibrée, et la détermination de la concentration massique du nanomatériau dans une série de récipients d’essai au cours du processus d’homoagglomération et de sédimentation des particules dans des environnements présentant différentes caractéristiques hydrochimiques.
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