Foster transparent and effective stakeholder participation.

• Develop and follow a standard process when formulating changes to the public procurement system.
• Engage in transparent and regular dialogues with suppliers and business associations to present public procurement objectives and to assure a correct understanding of markets.
• Provide opportunities for direct involvement of relevant external stakeholders in the procurement system.

• Transparency
• Integrity
• Access
• Balance
• Efficiency
• E-procurement
• Accountability

• Laws and policies, general information for suppliers, select and award criteria, and contract award decisions are usually proactively disclosed; procurement plans and contract modifications less
• Transparency and openness, while a necessary condition, is not sufficient to ensure public participation (civil society needs a specific communication and proper incentives, including trained manpower and sufficient budget to participate in procurement monitoring for instance)
• Few countries directly involve citizens in high-value or complex procurement processes that entail significant risks or mismanagement

• Compendium of Good Practices for Integrity in Public Procurement
• Focus on Citizens – Public Engagement for Better Policy and Services
• Preventing Corruption in Public Procurement

• E.Bohórquez et al. (eds.), A New Role for Citizens in Public Procurement (Transparencia Mexicana, 2012)
• Civil Society Procurement Monitoring Tool (Transparency International)