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Partenariats avec d'autres organisations internationales

L’OCDE entretient des liens de coopération étendus avec beaucoup de grandes organisations internationales. Les partenaires officiels de l’OCDE ainsi que quelques autres organisations internationales importantes avec lesquelles l’OCDE coopère sont présentés dans les sections suivantes :

  • Partenaires formels de l'OCDE avec lesquels l'OCDE a conclu des accords de partenariats (ci-dessous seulement en anglais)
  • Autres organisations internationales avec lesquelles l'OCDE coopère (ci-dessous seulement en anglais)

À travers des accords de partenariat, l’OCDE vise à transmettre aux non-membres ses compétences en matière d’institutions et de politiques et à garantir que les points de vue des non-membres sont pris en compte de manière appropriée. Les partenariats avec d'autres organisations internationales permettent également de partager les expériences et d’éviter la duplication des travaux.

La forme que prend cette coopération avec d’autres organisations internationales peut aller, selon les situations et les questions traitées, d’activités ou de publications financées en commun à l’échange de données et de statistiques, en passant par la participation officielle ou informelle aux manifestations organisées par l’organisation partenaire. La participation d’autres organisations au dialogue sur les politiques à suivre engagé par l’OCDE est un volet important de la coopération qui passe, entre autres, par l’octroi du statut d’observateur aux travaux des organes de l’OCDE.

 

Partenaires formels

Asian Development Bank

 

The "Letter of Intent between the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the OECD" of March 2005 defines the guiding principles of the OECD-ADB partnership and outlines priority areas of co-operation with particular relevance for Asia.

This partnership agreement was concluded following a series of joint OECD-ADB activities such as the Business Tendency Surveys for Dynamic Asian Economies, the Eurasian Corporate Governance Roundtable or the ADB-OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative, formalising co-operation between both organisations. ADB and OECD agreed to explore possibilities for effective collaboration on development challenges such as aid effectiveness, anti-corruption policies, corporate governance, local economic and employment development, environmental policies, capacity building, regulatory reform, competition law and policy and statistical capacity building.
 
Partnership activities include joint organisation and sponsoring of seminars and conferences, information sharing and staff exchanges.

European Investment Bank

The Secretary-General of the OECD, Angel Gurría, and the President of the European Investment Bank, Philippe Maystadt, signed a Joint Statement on 26th November 2009.
Both institutions agree that this serves a mutual advantage: the OECD’s standards and substantive research can help the EIB by underpinning its lending programme, and this benefits the OECD by promoting the influence and relevance of its standards.
 
The EIB is a large player in volume terms – three times the World Bank – but relatively small in staff. The Joint Statement mentions a number of areas where co-operation will be developed and/or enhanced, such as support for small and medium-sized enterprises, urban development, investment, corporate social responsibility, corporate governance and climate change.

Inter-American Development Bank

In January 2010, the OECD and the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) aiming to develop further co-operation in numerous policy areas. This MoU updated a Joint Statement of Co-operation signed in April 2003.

The IDB is strongly involved in OECD’s regionally-focused policy dialogue and capacity building activities in Latin America. For instance, the IDB provides support to the annual Latin America Competition Forum. It also participates in the organisation of regional development forums in collaboration with the OECD Development Centre. Moreover, the IDB is a full member of OECD’s International Tax Dialogue, the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) Networks/Working Parties on development evaluation, gender equality, aid effectiveness and donor practices, and the OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Programme.

International Labour Organisation

The ILO has been a partner of the OECD from the beginning (1961). Since then, our co-operation with the ILO has expanded significantly to cover a broad range of policy areas, such as employment, social policies, progress of societies, MNE guidelines, chemicals and radiation, poverty reduction. A Memorandum of Understanding was signed by the two Organisations on 23 May, 2011.
The Labour and Industrial Relations chapter of the Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises have been revised to better align the text with the language of the ILO Tripartite Declaration on MNEs and the adoption of the ILO Decent Work Agenda and the ILO Declaration on Social Justice for a Fair Globalisation.

Like the OECD, the ILO is a key player in the G20. Both organisations produced the background reports for the first G-20 Employment and Labour Ministerial meeting in Washington (April, 2010), a report on 'Seizing the Benefits of Trade for Employment and Growth' for the November 2010 Seoul Summit. More recently, ILO and OECD have been involved in the preparation of joint background reports for the G-20 Employment and Labour Ministerial meeting in Paris (September 2011). Both Organisations have important contributions to make in fostering a jobs-rich recovery worldwide. By signing this agreement, the two Organisations have committed themselves to delivering multidimensional and coherent policy advice, and to promoting the cross-pollination of our assessments, ideas and solutions to ensure better jobs for better lives.

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

The OECD and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) elaborated a Joint Statement of Priorities for OECD-UNCTAD Partnership in 2002 to work co-operatively on poverty reduction, trade and investment. The two organisations have accumulated considerable expertise on trade, investment and development policies in widely differing country contexts.

While OECD has experience in building strong open economies, UNCTAD has a track record promoting development and integrating developing countries into the international trading system. The unifying theme for OECD-UNCTAD co-operation is to promote institutional and policy reforms to build a competitive domestic productive capacity for enhancing development and integration into the global trading system. UNCTAD participates as observer in the OECD Investment and Competition Committees and a number of trade-related OECD Working Parties.

The World Bank

The World Bank is a key partner for OECD’s co-operation with non-members. It contributes its extensive in-country presence and its long experience with policy applications in widely different settings and across sectors. It is able to combine intellectual and financial support to its borrowers, engage in capacity building and help interpret their wider interests in the global debate.

The Joint Statement on Co-operation was signed by the OECD Secretary-General and the World Bank President in January 2006, replacing its 2000 predecessor. It notes that the co-operation between the World Bank and the OECD has matured and become well established in a number of areas, including trade, corporate governance, debt management, pensions, taxation and in the field of development assistance and highlights other areas where the World Bank and the OECD should enhance their co-operation: agriculture, anti-corruption, competition, education, environmental sustainability/climate change, governance, health, insurance, investment, labour and employment, lagging regions (territorial development), migration and statistics.

The World Bank participates as an observer in more than 30 OECD bodies and takes part as a full participant in the DAC Working Party on Aid Effectiveness and Donor Practices and the International Tax Dialogue. It also provides strong support to OECD's Global forums and regional events.

World Health Organisation

Since the first framework of co-operation between OECD and the World Health Organization (WHO) in December 1999, many joint projects have been successfully achieved. The revised Framework for Co-operation between OECD and WHO, signed in November 2005, reinforces the initial partnership framework by establishing modalities for the joint planning and the co-ordination of joint work.

It also identifies new priority areas for future co-operative efforts. In particular, the OECD and the WHO aim to strengthen their co-operation in the following four substantive areas: 1. Statistical Description of Health Systems; 2. Analysis of Health Systems, including their Financing and Efficiency; 3. Biotechnology, Food Safety and Chemicals Management; 4. Development Assistance. The WHO participates as observer in the OECD Committee on Radiation Protection and Public Health and the Environment Policy Committee.

 

Autres organisations internationales

African Development Bank

 

The African Development Bank (AfDB) and the OECD have intensified their co-operation over the last decade, in particular in the framework of the OECD Development Cluster and regionally focussed activities in Africa in the context of NEPAD.
The AfDB regularly participates in major OECD development events, activities and publications. The jointly published AfDB-OECD African Economic Outlook (AEO) is a good example of successful co-operation between the AfDB and the OECD Development Centre. Combining the expertise of both organisations, the AEO provides comprehensive and comparable data and analysis of 30 African economies.

Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation

As the Asian-Pacific countries become major players in the global economy, OECD has strengthened its co-operation with APEC economies. Seven of the 21 APEC members are also member of the OECD. The two organisations share the same values, pursue similar objectives, and make agreements on the basis of consensus.
OECD and APEC co-operate in the framework of joint conferences, seminars and Global forums on topics such as international investment, security issues, digital economy, taxation, regulatory reform, trade facilitation, corporate governance, and developing small and medium-sized enterprises.

Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations

The Food Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the OECD share policy expertise in the areas of agricultural policies, agriculture and fisheries, market liberalisation, sustainable development, agri-environmental indicators, biotechnology in the agro-food sector, food safety and poverty reduction.
Within the OECD, the FAO mainly co-operates with the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), the Trade and Agriculture Directorate and the Agriculture Unit of the Sahel and West Africa Club. Non-member policy reviews are closely co-ordinated to maximise complementary and to avoid duplication. The FAO participates as an observer in the OECD Committee for Agriculture (COAG) and various OECD Agriculture Schemes and Working Parties.

International Monetary Fund

IMF Logo

The OECD co-operates with the International Monetary Fund mainly on policy areas such as financial regulations, international investment, fiscal affairs and tax issues. For example, the International Tax Dialogue, a collaborative arrangement involving the IDB, IMF, OECD, UN and the World Bank, aims to encourage and facilitate discussion of tax matters among national tax officials, international organisations and other stakeholders.

Moreover, the IMF has been an important partner for OECD’s work on financial regulations and market efficiency, in particular in European transition economies. Co-operation and information-sharing between OECD and IMF is facilitated through IMF’s strong participation in formal OECD bodies. The IMF takes part as a full member in the Working Party on Aid Effectiveness and Donor Practices of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) and participates as an observer in more than 30 OECD bodies.

United Nations Development Programme

UNDP has been a major partner in the OECD initiative on “Policy Coherence for Development” that explores ways to ensure that government policies are mutually supportive of the countries' development goals. UNDP has collaborated closely in a research project supporting this OECD initiative by conducting a regional case study on the policies of OECD countries and their impact on Asian developing economies. UNDP also actively co-operates in OECD’s regional anti-corruption initiatives.

These include analytical peer review processes that assess gaps in domestic anti-bribery legislation and practice and that identify technical assistance needs. Moreover, UNDP participates as observer in various networks and working parties of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC).

United Nations Economic Commission for Africa

The United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA) is an important partner for OECD’s regionally focused activities in Africa. The UNECA/OECD-DAC Mutual Review of Development Effectiveness in the context of NEPAD monitors performance and identifies good practice among African countries as regards governance and capacity building, and among OECD countries as regards ODA supply, aid effectiveness and policy coherence.

UNECA also facilitates the organisation of regional events in Africa and participates in OECD conferences and roundtables on Africa’s development challenges. UNECA shares information and local knowledge with the African Economic Outlook team of the OECD Development Centre and the African Development Bank, the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), the Sahel and West Africa Club and will co-operate with the Africa Partnership Forum. UNECA is a full member of the DAC Network on Governance.

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation

A solid co-operation has been built with UNESCO over years through joint projects like the World Education Indicators (WEI) programme, the Partnership in Statistics for Development in the 21st Century Consortium (Paris21), several policy reviews of early childhood education and care policy in non-member economies (Indonesia, Kenya, Brazil and China), jointly established guidelines on the quality in the provision of cross-border education and co-operation on gender issues.

UNESCO supports the work of OECD’s Directorate for Education (EDU), in particular the Division on Non-Member Economies, by actively contributing to various EDU activities, regional events and the OECD Global Forum on Education. UNESCO also participates as an observer in the OECD Working Party of National Experts on Sciences and Technology Indicators (NESTI).

World Trade Organisation

The OECD’s programme of work in the trade area often included issues that will be negotiated in future in the WTO or that are too contentious to be analysed there. Some examples of this are work on tariffs, non-tariff barriers, special and differential treatment, trade, debt, and finance and structural adjustment.

In some instances, OECD’s policy dialogue and expert meetings directly feed into WTO negotiations. In the area of trade capacity building, OECD and WTO jointly established the Doha Development Agenda Trade Capacity Building Database (TCBDB) in November 2002.

 

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(anglais)