Investissement

India’s economy continues to grow at an impressive rate, with projected annual GDP growth of 7.5% in 2017-18. India will thus remain the fastest-growing G20 economy. Unprecedented growth in exports in services since the 1990s has made India a global leader in this sector. Inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI) grew at three times the annual world average rate in the last decade, reflecting the success of efforts to attract international investment and gradually loosen restrictions to foreign investment. India’s economic successes are being translated into increased well-being for its population. As GDP per capita has more than doubled in ten years, extreme poverty has declined substantially. Access to education has steadily improved, and life expectancy has risen. Multiple opportunities present themselves for India, and the right mix of policies is needed to take advantage of them. India has made advances in integrating in global value chains and developing a competitive advantage in fields such as information and communication technology. Now is the time to secure continued progress by boosting competition and further lowering barriers to trade and investment. Looking to the future, it will be vital to fully tap into the potential offered by India´s young population. This means investing in the large numbers of young people entering the labour market. Likewise, the rapid pace of development must be matched with the upgrades to infrastructure necessary to support it.

The State continues to remain an important shareholder in listed companies worldwide, especially among emerging economies, which rely increasingly on mixed-ownership models. With the benefit of hindsight and more recent examples, this book provides fresh perspectives on the motivation to list state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and the process it entails. Drawing from the experiences of five economies (People's Republic of China, India, New Zealand, Poland and Turkey), the book concludes that broadened ownership generally has a positive impact on the governance and performance of these companies. However, country practices show that the act of listing cannot guarantee that these companies are completely averse to State interests; and deviations from sound corporate governance practices, as enshrined in the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of SOEs, can in some cases, raise concerns with regards to non-State shareholder rights, commercial orientation, board independence, conflicting State objectives, transparency, disclosure and more.

This edition of the Southeast Asian Economic Outlook examines medium-term growth prospects, recent macroeconomic policy challenges, and structural challenges including human capital, infrastructure and SME development.  It also looks at economic disparities 'between' and 'within' countries in the region.  It provides coverage for Brunei, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam. While solid growth is forecast to continue until 2017, countries must address structural issues in order to sustain this favourable outlook. Narrowing development gaps presents one of the region’s most important challenges.

L’Inde a réalisé des avancées considérables sur la voie de l’instauration d’un environnement propice à l’investissement. De ce fait, le pays a vu sa croissance accélérer et les flux d’investissement direct étranger entrants progresser de façon impressionnante. Toutefois, l’investissement n’est pas encore à la hauteur des besoins du pays, en particulier dans le domaine des infrastructures. Il est nécessaire d’intensifier les efforts déjà déployés pour renforcer et libéraliser le cadre réglementaire de l’investissement et d’accélérer l’application de la législation relativement avancée de l’Inde en matière économique à l’échelon national ainsi que dans les États et les territoires de l’Union. L’Examen des politiques de l’investissement de l’Inde réalisé par l’OCDE décrit les progrès accomplis par l’Inde en termes d’instauration d’un cadre d’action destiné à promouvoir l’investissement et à le mobiliser au service du développement, en particulier depuis l’accélération des réformes qui s’est amorcée à partir de 1991. Il porte principalement sur les politiques conduites dans les domaines de l’investissement, des échanges commerciaux, de la concurrence et dans d’autres domaines de l’environnement des affaires. Enfin, il décrit certaines des difficultés auxquelles se heurte la mise en œuvre, au niveau des États indiens fédérés, de réformes adoptées à l’échelon fédéral.