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Inventaires des émissions et des transferts de matières polluantes

Focus

  • Recommandation : Mise en oeuvre des inventaires d'émissions

    La Recommandation du Conseil de l’OCDE sur la mise en oeuvre des inventaires d'émissions et de transferts de matières polluantes (IETMP) adoptée appelle les pays membres à mettre en place de tels inventaires. L’OCDE soutient les efforts en ce sens en élaborant des orientations et des outils pratiques pour leur mise en œuvre.

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  • Techniques d’estimation des rejets

    L’établissement d’un IETMP nécessite d’estimer les rejets et les transferts de matières polluantes d’une multitude de sources. L’OCDE a élaboré un recueil de techniques d’estimation des rejets de sources ponctuelles ainsi que de sources diffuses, rejets des produits et transferts hors site compris.

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  • Diffusion et utilisation des données des IETMP

    Une fonction de base des IETMP est de rendre les données sur les émissions et les transferts librement accessibles. Pour favoriser la réalisation de cet objectif, l’OCDE a élaboré un guide pratique sur la diffusion et la présentation des données des IETMP, ainsi que sur les mesures à prendre pour garantir leur qualité.

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Un inventaire des émissions et des transferts de matières polluantes (IETMP) est une base de données ou un inventaire accessible au public, qui recense les substances chimiques ou les polluants rejetés dans l'air, l'eau et le sol et transférés hors site pour traitement. Il rassemble des informations concernant la nature, le lieu, la quantité et l’origine des substances chimiques émises.

L’OCDE a joué un rôle clé dans l’élaboration du concept d’IETMP et appuyé le développement et la mise en œuvre d’un IETMP dans les pays membres.

 

Introduction aux IETMP

IntroductionUn Inventaire des émissions et des transferts de matières polluantes (IETMP) est un outil essentiel qui permet aux pouvoirs publics de fournir au public des données sur la quantité de substances chimiques et de polluants rejetés dans l’air, l’eau et le sol et transférés hors site pour traitement ou élimination.

Activités de l'OCDE sur les IETMP

‌‌‌Activity‌Depuis 1996 où l’OCDE a commencé à encourager le développement des IETMP, l’Organisation appuie la création et la mise en œuvre de ces inventaires en élaborant des lignes directrices techniques et en diffusant l’information.


Base de données sur les IETMP


databaseL’OCDE a élaboré trois bases de données dans le but d’encourager les pouvoirs publics et autres acteurs concernés à partager les informations techniques et les données des IETMP.


Publications sur les IETMP

PublicationsL’OCDE a élaboré des outils pratiques et des orientations pour aider à la mise en œuvre d’un IETMP.

SUIVEZ-NOUS

The OECD brings you publications and data on Pollutant Release on Transfer Registers (PRTRs) and presents a tool to explore trends in global releases. 

Explore and visualise pollutant releases by country, pollutant or sector

Exploring data from multiple PRTRs simultaneously provides input on the global picture of pollutant releases. Use the filters above the set of figures below to explore PRTR data by country, pollutant, or sector. Note that this beta presentation of the data includes air and water release data from seven PRTRs and 14 pollutants; it does not include all PRTRs, all pollutants reported to these PRTRs, or releases to land.

The data presented in the charts below can be downloaded by clicking on the CSV button under the figures. 

Access the data

To access the full datasets from each of the PRTRs, including all reported chemicals, sectors, and release pathways, go to the PRTR Data Centre via Internet Explorer or Firefox or download all the data in Excel here.

The purpose of the PRTR Data Centre is to share PRTR data as widely as possible within the OECD area. Users can create a report of PRTR data according to years, countries, regions, industry sectors, chemicals, types of release sources, and types of releases and transfers.

Factors to consider when using the data

Most of the PRTR systems established to date were designed to meet the needs of a specific country or region, with less attention being given to the comparability of the data among different PRTRs. Consequently, PRTRs have differing reporting requirements. Their respective differences confound integration of data across PRTRs and hamper comparative analyses of the data. When compiling and analysing data across multiple PRTRs, users must consider the impacts of these differences on the results. The most significant differences are in the reporting thresholds, sectors or activities covered, and pollutants covered by each PRTR.

  • Reporting thresholds vary among PRTRs. Generally, facilities must report to a PRTR only for pollutants they manufacture, use, or release to the environment above certain minimum threshold quantities. Pollutant thresholds can vary substantially among PRTRs, which may have considerable impacts on reported releases. For example, facilities in Canada are required to report releases of mercury if they manufactured, processed, or otherwise used 5 kg or more of mercury within a calendar year, while facilities in Europe are required to report releases of mercury if they released more than 10 kg to air or 1 kg to water within a calendar year.
  • Sectors covered differ across PRTRs. The PRTRs included in this analysis cover different economic activities. Most PRTRs define which facilities must report based on their industrial sector, although for the E-PRTR, reporting requirements are based on activities at the facility rather than the facility’s sector classification. Facilities are required to report to E-PRTR only those releases related to the covered activities, rather than all releases at the facility. As a result, releases reported to E-PRTR are less inclusive than releases reported by similar facilities to other PRTRs.
  • Each PRTR defines which pollutants must be reported. While many common industrial pollutants are covered by most PRTRs, pollutant lists vary substantially among PRTRs. These differences must be considered when PRTRs are compared.
  • The type and magnitude of economic activity varies by country. Differences in the magnitude of releases among PRTRs may be due to differences in the level and type of economic activity in the country or region.
  • Methods used to estimate releases differ. In addition to the limitations introduced by compiling release data from multiple PRTRs, PRTR data have inherent limitations that affect all PRTRs. For example, data included in PRTRs are reported by facilities, which may differ in the methods they use to determine the quantities of pollutants released.
  • Toxicity factors include inherent uncertaintyFor the toxicity impact score results, there is uncertainty in the characterization factors, developed by USEtox, particularly for metals. The USEtox model has some inherent uncertainty, as it models factors such as environmental fate and exposure; actual fate of and exposure to a chemical depend on factors specific to its release, such as the exact location and the prevailing environmental conditions there.

See OECD’s Using Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (PRTR) Information to Evaluate Progress Towards the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal 12 for more information on these factors to consider when reviewing these data.

Resources and publications

Uses of PRTR Data and Tools for their Presentation

This interactive database compiles good practices of the data uses and tools for their presentation, which were gathered from member countries. It could illustrate the varied uses of PRTR data and encourage additional audiences to access PRTR data.

Go to the website

Centre for PRTR data

The Centre for PRTR Data presents national PRTR data from OECD countries at one Internet location (IE & Firefox are recommended). Users can create a report of PRTR data according to years, countries, regions, industry sectors, chemicals, etc. Japan, as a lead country, maintains this website. All data in the Database can also be downloaded from the ‘Access the data’ section above.

Go to the website

Resource Centre for Release Estimation Techniques

This online centre is a web-based clearinghouse of available guidance documents on release estimation techniques among OECD countries. Users can filter the list of documents by countries, target sectors, languages, etc. The OECD maintains this website.

Go to the website

PRTR.net - Global portal to PRTR information

This website provides a global portal to Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (PRTR) information and activities from countries and organisations around the world. The website aims to assist countries in the development, implementation and improvement of PRTR programmes. It is maintained by the OECD, in cooperation with the UNECE.

Go to the website

List of pollutants/reporting sectors

The OECD examined the pollutants and reporting sectors covered by PRTRs around the world to develop a harmonised list of pollutants/reporting sectors that are common to most PRTRs. The findings are presented in the Harmonised List of Pollutants/Sectors. It describes the methods used and resulting lists and provide the harmonised lists in a format that others can use for developing their own pollutant/sector lists or for conducting multi-country analyses.

Download the Excel list

OECD Publications and Council Acts

The OECD has developed publications to assist countries in developing, implementing, and improving PRTRs, and to provide guidance to stakeholders in understanding and applying PRTR data. A number of OECD Council acts in force are dedicated to chemical safety including two Council Acts on PRTRs.

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