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  • 11-January-2024

    English

    Fiscal Sustainability of Health Systems - How to Finance More Resilient Health Systems When Money Is Tight?

    Finding sufficient funds to pay for more resilient health systems is challenging in the current economic context. COVID-19 has shown the need for additional targeted spending on public health interventions, the digital transformation of health systems, and bolstering the health workforce. Rising incomes, technological innovation and changing demographics put further upward pressure on health spending. This could result in health spending reaching 11.8% of GDP across OECD counties by 2040. This publication explores the policy options to finance more resilient health systems whilst maintaining fiscal sustainability. It finds that the scale of the additional health financing needs requires ambitious and transformative policy changes. Robust actions to encourage healthier populations and policies to reduce ineffective spending can put future health expenditure on a far gentler upward trajectory. These would enable spending to reach a more sustainable 10.6% of GDP in 2040. Better budgetary governance is critical. It improves how public funds for health are determined, executed and evaluated. Therefore, a focus of this report is on how good budgeting practices can increase the efficiency of current public spending, and also enable more ambitious policy changes in the medium to longer-term. Findings of this report are targeted at health and finance policy makers, with improved dialogue between health and finance ministries especially important when governments are operating in a constrained fiscal setting.
  • 15-December-2023

    English

    Netherlands: Country Health Profile 2023

    This profile provides a concise and policy-focused overview of the state of health and the healthcare system in Netherlands, as a part of the broader series of Country Health Profiles from the State of Health in the EU initiative. It presents a succinct analysis encompassing the following key aspects: the current health status in Netherlands; the determinants of health, focusing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the Dutch healthcare system; and an evaluation of the health system's effectiveness, accessibility, and resilience. Moreover, the 2023 edition presents a thematic section on the state of mental health and associated services in Netherlands. This profile is the collaborative effort of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, carried out in cooperation with the European Commission.
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  • 15-December-2023

    English

    Malta: Country Health Profile 2023

    This profile provides a concise and policy-focused overview of the state of health and the healthcare system in Malta, as a part of the broader series of Country Health Profiles from the State of Health in the EU initiative. It presents a succinct analysis encompassing the following key aspects: the current health status in Malta; the determinants of health, focusing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the Maltese healthcare system; and an evaluation of the health system's effectiveness, accessibility, and resilience. Moreover, the 2023 edition presents a thematic section on the state of mental health and associated services in Malta. This profile is the collaborative effort of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, carried out in cooperation with the European Commission.
  • 15-December-2023

    English

    Slovenia: Country Health Profile 2023

    This profile provides a concise and policy-focused overview of the state of health and the healthcare system in Slovenia, as a part of the broader series of Country Health Profiles from the State of Health in the EU initiative. It presents a succinct analysis encompassing the following key aspects: the current health status in Slovenia; the determinants of health, focusing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the Slovenian healthcare system; and an evaluation of the health system's effectiveness, accessibility, and resilience. Moreover, the 2023 edition presents a thematic section on the state of mental health and associated services in Slovenia. This profile is the collaborative effort of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, carried out in cooperation with the European Commission.
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  • 15-December-2023

    English

    Portugal: Country Health Profile 2023

    This profile provides a concise and policy-focused overview of the state of health and the healthcare system in Portugal, as a part of the broader series of Country Health Profiles from the State of Health in the EU initiative. It presents a succinct analysis encompassing the following key aspects: the current health status in Portugal; the determinants of health, focusing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the Portuguese healthcare system; and an evaluation of the health system's effectiveness, accessibility, and resilience. Moreover, the 2023 edition presents a thematic section on the state of mental health and associated services in Portugal. This profile is the collaborative effort of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, carried out in cooperation with the European Commission.
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  • 15-December-2023

    English

    Latvia: Country Health Profile 2023

    This profile provides a concise and policy-focused overview of the state of health and the healthcare system in Latvia, as a part of the broader series of Country Health Profiles from the State of Health in the EU initiative. It presents a succinct analysis encompassing the following key aspects: the current health status in Latvia; the determinants of health, focusing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the Latvian healthcare system; and an evaluation of the health system's effectiveness, accessibility, and resilience. Moreover, the 2023 edition presents a thematic section on the state of mental health and associated services in Latvia. This profile is the collaborative effort of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, carried out in cooperation with the European Commission.
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  • 15-December-2023

    English

    Norway: Country Health Profile 2023

    This profile provides a concise and policy-focused overview of the state of health and the healthcare system in Norway, as a part of the broader series of Country Health Profiles from the State of Health in the EU initiative. It presents a succinct analysis encompassing the following key aspects: the current health status in Norway; the determinants of health, focusing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the Norwegian healthcare system; and an evaluation of the health system's effectiveness, accessibility, and resilience. Moreover, the 2023 edition presents a thematic section on the state of mental health and associated services in Norway. This profile is the collaborative effort of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, carried out in cooperation with the European Commission.
  • 15-December-2023

    English

    Lithuania: Country Health Profile 2023

    This profile provides a concise and policy-focused overview of the state of health and the healthcare system in Lithuania, as a part of the broader series of Country Health Profiles from the State of Health in the EU initiative. It presents a succinct analysis encompassing the following key aspects: the current health status in Lithuania; the determinants of health, focusing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the Lithuanian healthcare system; and an evaluation of the health system's effectiveness, accessibility, and resilience. Moreover, the 2023 edition presents a thematic section on the state of mental health and associated services in Lithuania. This profile is the collaborative effort of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, carried out in cooperation with the European Commission.
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  • 15-December-2023

    English

    Belgium: Country Health Profile 2023

    This profile provides a concise and policy-focused overview of the state of health and the healthcare system in Belgium, as a part of the broader series of Country Health Profiles from the State of Health in the EU initiative. It presents a succinct analysis encompassing the following key aspects: the current health status in Belgium; the determinants of health, focusing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the Belgian healthcare system; and an evaluation of the health system's effectiveness, accessibility, and resilience. Moreover, the 2023 edition presents a thematic section on the state of mental health and associated services in Belgium. This profile is the collaborative effort of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, carried out in cooperation with the European Commission.
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  • 15-December-2023

    English

    Spain: Country Health Profile 2023

    This profile provides a concise and policy-focused overview of the state of health and the healthcare system in Spain, as a part of the broader series of Country Health Profiles from the State of Health in the EU initiative. It presents a succinct analysis encompassing the following key aspects: the current health status in Spain; the determinants of health, focusing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the Spanish healthcare system; and an evaluation of the health system's effectiveness, accessibility, and resilience. Moreover, the 2023 edition presents a thematic section on the state of mental health and associated services in Spain. This profile is the collaborative effort of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, carried out in cooperation with the European Commission.
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