Publications


  • 6-avril-2016

    Français

    Perspectives d'avenir pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture dans le monde

    Il nous faut relever le défi du développement d’un système alimentaire mondial capable de nourrir une population croissante et plus aisée tout en préservant les écosystèmes sensibles ; d’entrer en concurrence pour l’accès aux ressource naturelles limitées ; d’augmenter la croissance de la productivité agricole tout en atténuant le changement climatique et en s’y adaptant ainsi qu’aux autres dangers ; et de contribuer au bien-être dans les zones rurales.Ce rapport présente trois scénarios alternatifs contrastés pour illustrer différentes perspectives d’avenir. Les scénarios se fondent sur plusieurs modèles économiques mondiaux et sur de longues discussions avec les parties prenantes concernées. Le rapport souligne les considérations pour les politiques afin que les besoins futurs soient remplis de manière durable au plan économique, social et environnemental. Les scénarios mettent en lumière les incertitudes de fonds qui entourent la prise de décisions pour l’avenir, et indiquent l’importance cruciale que revêt la coopération internationale dans de nombreux domaines d’action. 
    Also AvailableEgalement disponible(s)
  • 5-April-2016

    English

    Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms in the Environment, Volume 5 - OECD Consensus Documents

    This series represents a compilation of the biosafety consensus documents developed by the OECD Working Group on Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology over the periods 2011-12 (Volume 5) and 2013-15 (Volume 6). Volumes 5 and 6 describe the biology, centres of origin, genetics, hybridisation, production and use, and ecology elements of several crops (sugarcane, cassava, sorghum, common bean, cucurbits) and trees (eucalyptus species). They also provide considerations on pathogenicity factors in assessing the potential adverse health effects of bacteria, and the low level presence of transgenic plants in seed and grain commodities.
    The consensus documents contain information for use during the regulatory assessment of products of modern biotechnology, i.e. transgenic organisms (plants, animals, micro-organisms), when intended for release in the environment. As such, it should be of value to applicants for use of genetically-engineered organisms in agriculture mainly, to regulators and risk assessors in national authorities for their biosafety assessments, as well as the wider scientific community. More information on this OECD programme is found at BioTrack online (www.oecd.org/biotrack). 
  • 5-April-2016

    English

    Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms in the Environment, Volume 6 - OECD Consensus Documents

    This series represents a compilation of the biosafety consensus documents developed by the OECD Working Group on Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology over the periods 2011-12 (Volume 5) and 2013-15 (Volume 6). Volumes 5 and 6 describe the biology, centres of origin, genetics, hybridisation, production and use, and ecology elements of several crops (sugarcane, cassava, sorghum, common bean, cucurbits) and trees (eucalyptus species). They also provide considerations on pathogenicity factors in assessing the potential adverse health effects of bacteria, and the low level presence of transgenic plants in seed and grain commodities.
    The consensus documents contain information for use during the regulatory assessment of products of modern biotechnology, i.e. transgenic organisms (plants, animals, micro-organisms), when intended for release in the environment. As such, it should be of value to applicants for use of genetically-engineered organisms in agriculture mainly, to regulators and risk assessors in national authorities for their biosafety assessments, as well as the wider scientific community. More information on this OECD programme is found at BioTrack online (www.oecd.org/biotrack).
     
  • 4-April-2016

    English

    Costs of Decommissioning Nuclear Power Plants

    While refurbishments for the long-term operation of nuclear power plants and for the lifetime extension of such plants have been widely pursued in recent years, the number of plants to be decommissioned is nonetheless expected to increase in future, particularly in the United States and Europe. It is thus important to understand the costs of decommissioning so as to develop coherent and cost-effective strategies, realistic cost estimates based on decommissioning plans from the outset of operations and mechanisms to ensure that future decommissioning expenses can be adequately covered.
    This study presents the results of an NEA review of the costs of decommissioning nuclear power plants and of overall funding practices adopted across NEA member countries. The study is based on the results of this NEA questionnaire, on actual decommissioning costs or estimates, and on plans for the establishment and management of decommissioning funds. Case studies are included to provide insight into decommissioning practices in a number of countries.
  • 1-April-2016

    English

    Revenue Statistics in Africa

    The publication Revenue Statistics in Africa is jointly undertaken by the OECD Centre for Tax Policy and Administration and the OECD Development Centre, the African Union Commission (AUC) and the African Tax Administration Forum (ATAF). It compiles comparable tax revenue and non-tax revenue statistics for eight countries in Africa: Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, Mauritius, Morocco, Rwanda, Senegal, South Africa and Tunisia. The model is the OECD Revenue Statistics database which is a fundamental reference, backed by a well-established methodology, for OECD member countries. Extending the OECD methodology to African countries enables comparisons about tax levels and tax structures on a consistent basis, both among African economies and with OECD, Latin  American, Caribbean and Asian economies.
  • 1-April-2016

    English

    Making the Most of Public Investment in the Eastern Slovak Republic

    The Slovak Republic joined the European Union in 2004, the Schengen area in 2007 and the euro in 2009. These events, coupled with decentralisation reform and the creation of administrative regions, have brought significant change. While overall growth has been impressive compared to OECD countries overall, benefits have not accrued equally across the country. Public investment could potentially improve regional conditions and attract private funding, but governance bottlenecks stand in the way. This case study shows that the main obstacles to effective public investment are linked to high local fragmentation as well as the challenges national and subnational administrations face in designing and implementing investment strategies that correspond to local needs. Drawing on a detailed set of indicators, the study provides recommendations to address these challenges and make the most of public investment in the Slovak Republic.
  • 1-April-2016

    English

    A New Rural Development Paradigm for the 21st Century - A Toolkit for Developing Countries

    Three billion people live in rural areas in developing countries. Conditions for them are worse than for their urban counterparts when measured by almost any development indicator, from extreme poverty, to child mortality and access to electricity and sanitation. And the gulf is widening, contributing to large-scale migration to urban areas. This situation exists despite half a century of rural development theories and approaches, and despite the global momentum built around the Millennium Development Goals between 2000 and 2015. Without greater progress on rural development, it is unlikely that the new Sustainable Development Goals will be met. This book calls for a new paradigm for rural development that is equipped to meet the challenges and harness the opportunities of the 21st century – including climate change, demographic shifts, international competition and fast-moving technological change.
  • 31-March-2016

    English

    OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies: Latvia 2016

    Latvia has undergone major economic and social change since the early 1990s. Despite an exceptionally deep recession following the global financial crisis, impressive economic growth over the past two decades has narrowed income and productivity gaps relative to comparator countries in the OECD. But Latvians report low degrees of life satisfaction, very large numbers of Latvians have left the country, and growth has not been inclusive. A volatile economy and very large income disparities create pressing needs for more effective social and labour-market policies. The government’s reform programme rightly acknowledges inequality as a key challenge. However, without sustained policy efforts and adequate resources, there is a risk that productivity and income growth could remain below potential and social cohesion could be further weakened by high or rising inequality.
  • 31-mars-2016

    Français

    L'impératif d'innovation - Contribuer à la productivité, à la croissance et au bien-être

    L’innovation, lorsqu’elle est bien ciblée et vient au bon moment, améliore la productivité, accélère la croissance économique et aide à la résolution des problèmes sociétaux. Des questions demeurent cependant : comment les gouvernements peuvent-ils encourager les personnes à innover en plus grand nombre et plus fréquemment? Comment le gouvernement peut-il lui-même être plus innovant ?
    La Stratégie de l’Innovation de l’OCDE propose un ensemble de principes pour stimuler l’innovation au sein de la population, des entreprises et du gouvernement. À partir de recherches et de données actualisées, elle analyse en détail l’étendue de l’innovation, son évolution ainsi que les endroits où elle apparaît et les formes qu’elle revêt.
     
  • 31-mars-2016

    Français

    Panorama des pensions 2015 - Les indicateurs de l'OCDE et du G20

    Ce volume de Panorama des pensions, le dixième de cette série, passe en revue les réformes de pensions entreprises dans les pays de l’OCDE et du G20 depuis deux ans. Deux chapitres spéciaux proposent une analyse plus approfondie des pensions du premier pilier et de l’impact des carrières courtes ou interrompues (en raison d’une entrée tardive sur le marché du travail, des soins aux enfants ou du chômage) sur les droits à pension. Un autre chapitre montre également comment les taux de remplacement futurs sont sensibles à tout changement de paramètres. Un vaste arsenal d’indicateurs des politiques publiques menées en la matière ainsi qu’une description des régimes sont proposés pour l’ensemble des pays de l’OCDE et du G20. 
  • << < 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 59 | 60 | 61 | 62 | 63 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 80 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 87 | 88 | 89 | 90 | 91 | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 100 | 101 | 102 | 103 | 104 | 105 | 106 | 107 | 108 | 109 | 110 | 111 | 112 | 113 | 114 | 115 | 116 | 117 | 118 | 119 | 120 | 121 | 122 | 123 | 124 | 125 | 126 | 127 | 128 | 129 | 130 | 131 | 132 | 133 | 134 | 135 | 136 | 137 | 138 | 139 | 140 | 141 | 142 | 143 | 144 | 145 | 146 | 147 | 148 | 149 | 150 | 151 | 152 | 153 | 154 | 155 | 156 | 157 | 158 | 159 | 160 | 161 | 162 | 163 | 164 | 165 | 166 | 167 | 168 | 169 | 170 | 171 | 172 | 173 | 174 | 175 | 176 | 177 | 178 | 179 | 180 | 181 | 182 | 183 | 184 | 185 | 186 | 187 | 188 | 189 | 190 | 191 | 192 | 193 | 194 | 195 | 196 | 197 > >>