Publications

This second edition of Government at a Glance: Latin America and the Caribbean provides the latest available data on public administrations in the LAC region and compares it to OECD countries. It contains new indicators on public finances, centres of government, regulatory governance, open government, digital government and public procurement. This edition also includes a special feature on health budgeting.After a decade of sustained economic growth reinforced by high commodity prices, economic conditions are deteriorating in the LAC region. In this context, LAC governments are expected to design and deliver more inclusive, transparent  and efficient policies. This report provides policy makers with performance measurements and offers comparative perspective. Good indicators are needed more than ever to help governments make informed decisions and tough choices, in order to  maintain progress and improvements in the region.

Le Programme international de l’OCDE pour le suivi des acquis des élèves (PISA) cherche non seulement à évaluer ce que les élèves savent en sciences, en compréhension de l’écrit et en mathématiques, mais aussi à déterminer ce qu’ils sont capables de faire avec ces connaissances. Les résultats de l’enquête PISA révèlent la qualité et l’équité de l’apprentissage dans le monde entier, et offrent aux professionnels de l’éducation et aux responsables politiques la possibilité de découvrir les politiques et pratiques d’autres pays et de s’en inspirer. Vous avez entre les mains l’un des cinq volumes qui présentent les résultats de l’évaluation PISA 2015, la sixième édition de cette enquête triennale.
Le volume I, L’excellence et l’équité dans l’éducation, résume la performance des élèves en sciences, en compréhension de l’écrit et en mathématiques, et définit et mesure l’équité dans l’éducation. Il se concentre sur les attitudes des élèves à l’égard de l’apprentissage en sciences et analyse leur aspiration à embrasser une carrière scientifique. Il examine aussi l’évolution de la performance et de l’équité ces dernières années dans les pays et économies participant à l’enquête PISA.
Le volume II, Politiques et pratiques pour des établissements performants, examine les liens entre la performance des élèves et diverses caractéristiques des établissements et des systèmes d’éducation, notamment les ressources affectées à l’éducation, l’environnement d’apprentissage et les critères de sélection des élèves entre les établissements, les filières d’enseignement et les classes.
Le volume III, Le bien-être des élèves, décrit la relation entre les résultats scolaires des élèves de 15 ans et leur vie sociale et leurs attitudes à l’égard de l’apprentissage.
Le volume IV, La culture financière des élèves, analyse les connaissances et l’expérience des élèves dans les matières financières.
Le volume V, La résolution collaborative de problèmes, analyse la capacité des élèves à travailler à plusieurs pour la résolution de problèmes. Il examine aussi le rôle de l’éducation dans le développement de la capacité des jeunes à résoudre des problèmes en équipe.

Job displacement (involuntary job loss due to firm closure or downsizing) affects many workers over their lifetime. Displaced workers may face long periods of unemployment and, even when they find new jobs, tend to be paid less and have fewer benefits than in their prior jobs. Helping them get back into good jobs quickly should be a key goal of labour market policy. This report is part of a series of nine reports looking at how this challenge is being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It shows that the United States has a relatively high rate of job displacement and that only one in two affected workers find a new job within one year. Older displaced workers and those with a low level of education fare worst. Contrary to most other OECD countries, displaced workers have long been a target group for policy intervention, and a number of system features, like rapid response services, are promising. But the success of US policies is limited because overall funding for the workforce development system is insufficient and because only trade-related job displacement comes with generous entitlement for training and better benefits.

This publication helps policy makers to better understand annuity products and the guarantees they provide in order to optimise the role that these products can play in financing retirement. Product design is a crucial factor in the potential role of annuity products within the pension system, along with the cost and demand for these products, and the resulting risks that are borne by the annuity providers. Increasingly complex products, however, pose additional challenges concerning consumer protection. Consumers need to be aware of their options and have access to unbiased and comprehensible advice and information about these products.

The OECD Pensions Outlook 2016 assesses policy issues regarding strengthening pension systems and, in particular, funded pension plans.  It covers defined benefits and defined contribution pension plans; fiscal incentives to save for retirement; policy measures to improve the financial advice for retirement; annuity products and their guarantees; pension design and financial education; and the pension arrangements for public-sector workers, including a comparison with those for private sector workers.

This report examines the Province of Córdoba, Argentina, and provides recommendations for the design of a regional competitiveness strategy as well as the governance structure needed to implement it. Over the past decade, Córdoba has experienced sustained economic growth and widespread improvements in the standard of living. However, the provincial economy is at a pivotal point: it is still highly reliant on traditional manufacturing and commodities, a model that may no longer be sufficient for the future. Córdoba’s challenges and opportunities are the same as those found in many OECD regions and require a renewed development strategy, one that builds on key assets and focusses on closing crucial infrastructure gaps. Investments in skills, research, and innovation are essential to propel the province into higher-value-added segments of production chains. At the same time, Córdoba needs to shift from a sectoral approach to an integrated, activity-focused strategic plan, in which the entire territory (cities and regions) becomes a platform for innovation and fosters new economic opportunities.

The costs of a persistent misalignment between the supply and demand for skills are substantial, ranging from lost wages for workers to lower productivity for firms and countries. Addressing skills imbalances has become even more of a concern as OECD governments reflect on the implications of technological progress, digitisation, demographic change and globalisation for jobs and work organisation. In light of these challenges, OECD has undertaken new research to shed light on how countries measure changing skill needs while ensuring that employment, training and migration institutions are responsive to the emergence of new skill requirements. The Getting Skills Right in Sweden review offers an in-depth analysis of the key areas where policy action is required to spur the development of an efficient system for skills assessment and anticipation to inform policy in the country. The report provides an assessment of practices in the following areas: i) the collection of information on existing and future skill needs; ii) the use of skill needs information to guide policy development in the areas of labour, education and migration; and iii) the existence of effective governance arrangements to ensure good co-ordination among the key stakeholders in the collection and use of skill needs information.

Data on government sector receipts, and on taxes in particular, are basic inputs to most structural economic descriptions and economic analyses and are increasingly used in economic comparisons.  This annual publication gives a conceptual framework to define which government receipts should be regarded as taxes.  It presents a unique set of detailed an internationally comparable tax data in a common format for all OECD countries from 1965 onwards.

This OECD Public Governance Review of Peru analyses key areas of public governance in Peru and identifies opportunities for improving the performance of the state in delivering better outcomes for all citizens. It examines co-ordination from the centre of government, evidence-based strategic planning and the decentralisation process to improve co-ordination across levels of government. It assesses the management of the civil service, legal and regulatory frameworks to implement digital government, and open-government and transparency policies. This review provides recommendations to assist the government in its objective of bolstering the state’s agility to set, steer and implement a national medium-term strategy for achieving inclusive growth and prosperity for all.

This publication compiles comparable tax revenue statistics for Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines and Singapore. The model is the OECD Revenue Statistics database – a fundamental reference, backed by a well-established methodology, for OECD member countries. Extending the OECD methodology to Asian countries enables comparisons about tax levels and tax structures on a consistent basis, both among Asian economies and between OECD and Asian economies. This work has been is jointly undertaken by the OECD Centre for Tax Policy and Administration and the OECD Development Centre.