Publications


  • 7-novembre-2013

    Français

  • 6-novembre-2013

    Français

    La fourniture de biens publics agro-environnementaux par l'action collective

    La fourniture de biens publics agro-environnementaux par l’action collective passe en revue l’expérience de plusieurs pays Membres de l’OCDE dans le but d’analyser comment l’action collective peut être efficace pour promouvoir la fourniture de biens publics agroenvironnementaux, tels que la biodiversité et les paysages. L’étude porte sur vingt-cinq cas dans 13 pays (Australie, Belgique, Canada, Finlande, France, Allemagne, Italie, Japon, Pays-Bas, Nouvelle-Zélande, Espagne, Suède et Royaume-Uni). L’étude montre que l’action collective est une voie à envisager sérieusement pour traiter de nombreux problèmes liés à l’agriculture et aux ressources naturelles, et qu’elle devrait être expressément encouragée dans certaines situations.
  • 5-November-2013

    English

    Pensions at a Glance Asia/Pacific 2013

    Pensions are a major policy issue in developed and developing countries alike. However, pension reform is challenging and controversial because it involves long-term planning by governments faced with numerous short-term pressures. It often provokes heated debates and, sometimes, street protests.Countries can learn valuable lessons from others’ pension systems and their experiences of retirement-income reforms. However, national pension systems are very complicated, involving much institutional, technical, and legal elements. Consequently, international comparisons are very difficult to undertake, making it difficult to transfer policy lessons between countries. Hence, this publication aims to fill this gap, with a particular focus on countries in the Asia/Pacific regions.This study combines rigorous analysis with clear and easy-to-understand presentations of empirical results. It does not advocate any particular kind of pension system or type of reform. The goal is to inform debates on retirement-income systems with data that people with different visions for the future of pensions can all use as a reference point.
  • 30-October-2013

    English

    Cancer Care - Assuring Quality to Improve Survival

    More than five million new cases of cancer are diagnosed every year in OECD countries. Mortality rates are declining, but not as fast as for other big killers such as heart disease, and cancer survival rates show almost a four-fold difference across countries. In short, many countries are not doing as well as they could in the fight against cancer.Cancer Care: Assuring Quality to Improve Survival surveys the policy trends in cancer care over recent  years and looks at survival rates to identify the why some countries are doing better than others. It sets out what governments should do to reduce the burden of cancer in their countries. As well as an adequate level of resourcing, a comprehensive national cancer control plan appears critical, emphasising initiatives such as early detection and fast-track treatment pathways. Countries also need better data, particularly for patients’ experiences of care, in order to provide high quality, continuously improving cancer care.
  • 25-October-2013

    English

    Regulatory Policy in Colombia - Going beyond Administrative Simplification

    Prudent macroeconomic management and recent structural reforms have helped Colombia weather the recent financial crisis remarkably well.  The Government of Colombia has placed particular emphasis on simplifying formalities affecting business and citizens.  In addition, a number of initiatives have been launched to make the administration more transparent and accountable vis-à-vis citizens.However, after several years in place, this approach needs to be re-shaped , in order to go deeper into the legal background of regulations.  Colombia still lacks a whole-of-government policy for regulatory quality and needs to rethink the institutional set up to implement different regulatory tools in a coherent manner.  It also requires the adoption of a systemic approach to challenge the reasons for and the logic behind formalities (trámites) and, most importantly, regulations.  Furthermore, as in many other countries, the development and application of a comprehensive regulatory governance approach for sub-national governments and multi-level co-ordination are pending issues.
  • 25-octobre-2013

    Français

    Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Italie 2013

    Ce rapport est le troisième examen des performances environnementales de l'Italie. Il évalue les progrès vers le développement durable et la croissance verte, et met l'accent sur les politiques qui favorisent une gestion plus efficace et efficiente de l'eau et la lutte contre le changement climatique.

     
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  • 24-October-2013

    English

    Rural-Urban Partnerships - An Integrated Approach to Economic Development

    Urban and rural areas enjoy different and often complementary assets, and better integration between them is important for socio-economic performance. This report provides a framework to understand the changing relationships between urban and rural areas. It is focused on one approach that can enhance and better manage rural-urban relationships – the use of rural-urban partnerships. Specifically, it documents the characteristics of these partnerships and the factors that can hinder as well as enable rural-urban co-operation. Different governance approaches to manage rural-urban relationships are identified and discussed. Finally, recommendations are provided to help national, regional and local policy makers to build effective and sustainable rural-urban partnerships for better economic development.
  • 21-October-2013

    English

    OECD Territorial Reviews: Puebla-Tlaxcala, Mexico 2013

    Encompassing 39 municipalities in two states, Puebla-Tlaxcala is the fourth-largest metropolitan zone in Mexico. Over the past five decades, the region has successfully attracted major national and international firms, building its reputation as both a manufacturing hub specialising in auto production and one of Mexico’s most important centres of higher education. Yet it also faces important challenges. Compared to other large Mexican metropolitan zones, Puebla-Tlaxcala has a disproportionate share of individuals with low skills, which could represent a bottleneck to future growth. Urban sprawl is another challenge with important economic, environmental and social consequences. Puebla-Tlaxcala's urban footprint expanded nearly eight times faster than its population over the past three decades, contributing to inadequate service provision and high levels of social marginalisation, particularly in the metropolitan periphery. To ensure that the region remains competitive and grows sustainably over the long term, this review recommends (i) improving workforce and economic development outcomes, particularly by raising the level of low-skilled workers; (ii) guiding urban growth more effectively to tackle urban sprawl and improve serve delivery; (iii) and addressing governance challenges by building capacity in the public sector and transitioning to forms of metropolitan governance.
  • 16-October-2013

    English

    Energy Efficiency - Market Trends and Medium-Term Prospects

    Energy efficiency has been referred to as a 'hidden fuel', one that extends energy supplies, increases energy security, lowers carbon emissions and generally supports sustainable economic growth. Yet it is hiding in plain sight: in 2011, investments in the energy efficiency market globally were at a similar scale to those in renewable energy or fossil-fuel power generation.The Energy Efficiency Market Report provides a practical basis for understanding energy efficiency market activities, a review of the methodological and practical challenges associated with measuring the market and its components, and statistical analysis of energy efficiency and its impact on energy demand. It also highlights a specific technology sector in which there is significant energy efficiency market activity, in this instance appliances and ICT. The report presents a selection of country case studies that illustrate current energy efficiency markets in specific sectors, and how they may evolve in the medium term.The energy efficiency market is diffuse, varied and involves all energy-consuming sectors of the economy. A comprehensive overview of market activity is complicated by the challenges associated with quantifying the components of the market and the paucity of comparable reported data. This report underscores how vital high-quality and timely energy efficiency data is to understanding this market.This first Energy Efficiency Market Report sits alongside IEA market reports for oil, gas, coal and renewable energy, highlighting its place as a major energy resource. It summarises in one place the trends and prospects for investment and energy cost savings in the medium term, up to 2020.This Report joins the IEA market reports for oil, gas, coal and renewable energy, highlighting energy efficiency’s place as a major energy resource. It summarises the trends and prospects for investment and energy cost savings in the medium term, up to 2020.
  • 8-octobre-2013

    Français

    Sécurité alimentaire mondiale - Défis pour le système agricole et agro-alimentaire

    Ce rapport examine comment les modifications du fonctionnement des secteurs alimentaires et agricoles à travers le monde peuvent contribuer à réduire la faim et à atteindre la sécurité alimentaire mondiale. Le défi est de grande ampleur et multidimensionnel. Tandis que la production alimentaire répondra aux demandes d'une population mondiale croissante et plus aisée, des politiques gouvernementales efficaces peuvent stimuler la productivité et contenir la pression à la hausse sur les prix des denrées alimentaires. Elles peuvent également aider à faire en sorte que les ressources en terre et en eau soient utilisées de manière plus durable, et à ce que les agriculteurs aient la capactité de gérer les risques et de s'adapter au changement climatique. Les échanges auront un rôle important à jouer pour garantir une utilisation efficace et durable des ressources, et pour distribuer les excédents de denrées alimentaires aux régions déficitaires. Parallèlement, des réformes multilatérales sont nécessaires pour garantir un système mondial des échanges plus efficace et plus juste qu'auparavant.Environ deux tiers de la population pauvre mondiale vit dans des régions rurales , où l'agriculture est la principale activité économique. Ce rapport examine comment les politiques gouvernementales peuvent augmenter les revenus des familles agricoles et rurales, et ainsi améliorer l'accès aux denrées alimentaires de la population pauvre. Bien que la croissance des revenus soit essentielle à la sécurité alimentaire à long terme, elle n'est pas suffisante. Des politiques complémentaires, comme l'amélioration de la santé et de l'assainissement, sont requises pour garantir une meilleure alimentation de la population. Il faut donc prendre des mesures à de nombreux niveaux. Ce rapport a pour objectif d'aider les responsables politiques à établir des priorités au niveau mondial, régional et national.
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