Publications

This publication provides internationally comparable data on tax levels and tax structures for Indonesia and Malaysia. The model is the OECD Revenue Statistics database which is a fundamental reference, backed by a well-established methodology, for OECD member countries. By extending this OECD methodology to Asian countries, Revenue Statistics in Asian Countries enables meaningful cross-country comparisons about tax levels and structures not only between Asian economies, but also between them and their industrialised peers. Future editions will cover additional Asian countries.

En 2011, la communauté internationale du développement s’est engagée à renforcer l’efficacité de la coopération pour le développement afin de produire de meilleurs résultats pour les populations pauvres du monde entier. Ce rapport paraît à mi-parcours entre les engagements approuvés en 2011 lors du Forum de haut niveau de Busan en Corée et la date butoir de 2015 des Objectifs du millénaire pour le développement. Il fait le point sur les progrès accomplis et les domaines dans lesquels il reste des défis urgents à relever.Cet ouvrage offre un premier instantané de l'état des lieux depuis Busan. Il s'appuie sur les dix indicateurs du cadre de suivi du Partenariat mondial. Malgré les perturbations économiques mondiales, l'évolution des paysages politiques et la pression budgétaire intérieure, l’engagement en faveur d’une coopération efficace au service du développement reste ferme. Les efforts de longue date visant à modifier la façon dont la coopération pour le développement est mise en œuvre portent leurs fruits. Néanmoins, il reste encore beaucoup à faire pour traduire les engagements politiques en actions concrètes. Ce rapport souligne les domaines dans lesquels il est nécessaire de déployer des efforts ciblés afin de poursuivre les progrès et d’atteindre les objectifs fixés pour rendre la coopération au développement plus efficace d'ici 2015.

Ce livre fournit l’ensemble des indicateurs agro-environnementaux les plus récents et les plus complets concernant les 34 pays membres de l’OCDE sur la période 1990-2010. Il s’appuie sur les travaux conduits pendant vingt ans par l’OCDE dans ce domaine. Ces indicateurs ont pour objet de décrire l’état actuel de l’environnement dans l’agriculture et sa tendance ; de mettre en évidence les lieux où des situations critiques sont en train d’apparaître ; de comparer l’évolution des performances entre périodes et entre pays ; et de fournir un ensemble d’indicateurs et une base de données pour suivre et évaluer l’action publique, projeter les tendances futures et concevoir des indicateurs de croissance verte.

This book provides an overview of the key challenges faced by Japan and OECD's main policy recommendations to address them. Drawing on the OECD’s expertise in comparing country experiences and identifying best practices, the book tailors the OECD’s policy advice to the specific and timely priorities of Japan, focusing on how its government can make reform happen.

This publication is a result of the discussions from the OECD 8th Rural Development Policy Conference: 'Innovation and modernising the rural economy' which took place in Krasnoyarsk, Russia on 3-5 October 2012. It provides an overview of the two themes of modernisation and innovation, focusing on identifying the attributes of the modern rural economy and showing how it differs from the traditional rural economy and from metropolitan economies. It also shows how rural innovation is a key driver of rural economic growth using patents as a measure.The second part of the book consists of four chapters that offer evidence of rural regions’ potential to contribute to national economic growth. In addition, each provides useful context for Part I by outlining four different perspectives on the process of modernisation and innovation, and specifically, how they can take place in the rural territories of OECD countries. In each paper, the authors explore the opportunities and impediments to these twin processes and how government policy can help or hinder them.

Energy Policy Highlights showcases what the 28 IEA member countries identified as key recent developments in their energy policies. Each country contribution covers a range of energy-related topics, with best practices and policy examples from their respective governments, including objectives, characteristics, challenges and successes, and shared lessons. Each contribution underscores the changing nature of both global and domestic energy challenges, as well as the commonality of energy concerns among member countries. For example, many of the policies highlighted identify an urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as a clear objective. Electricity, enhancing energy efficiency and increasing the share of renewables in the energy mix in a cost effective manner are likewise areas of common focus. Overall, the energy concerns reflect key areas of focus for the IEA – energy security, environmental protection and economic development.On the end-user side, increasing public awareness of domestic energy policies through improved transparency and engagement is an important facet of policy support among IEA member countries. The successful implementation of policies and other initiatives benefitted from efforts to inform the public. The IEA hopes that Energy Policy Highlights will provide a useful point of reference and dialogue for the 2013 IEA Ministerial, and will help advance the Agency’s well-established practice of co-operation and worldwide engagement through the sharing of experiences, best practices and lessons learned, among IEA member countries and partner countries alike.

Electricity shortages can paralyse our modern economies. All governments fear rolling black-outs and their economic consequences, especially in economies increasingly based on digital technologies.Over the last two decades, the development of markets for power has produced cost reduction, technological innovation, increased cross border trade and assured a steady supply of electricity. Now, IEA countries face the challenge of maintaining security of electricity supply during the transition to low-carbon economies.Low-carbon policies are pushing electricity markets into novel territories at a time when most of the generation and network capacity will have to be replaced. Most notably, wind and solar generation, now an integral part of electricity markets, can present new operating and investment challenges for generation, networks and the regional integration of electricity markets. In addition, the resilience of power systems facing more frequent natural disasters is also of increasing concern.IEA ministers mandated the Secretariat to work on the Electricity Security Action Plan (ESAP), expanding to electricity the energy security mission of the IEA. This paper outlines the key conclusions and policy recommendations to 'keep the lights on' while reducing CO2 emissions and increasing the efficiency.

Ensuring energy security and addressing climate change cost-effectively are key global challenges. Tackling these issues will require efforts from stakeholders worldwide. To find solutions, the public and private sectors must work together, sharing burdens and resources, while at the same time multiplying results and outcomes.Through its broad range of multilateral technology initiatives (Implementing Agreements), the IEA enables member and non-member countries, businesses, industries, international organisations and non-governmental organisations to share research on breakthrough technologies, to fill existing research gaps, to build pilot plants and to carry out deployment or demonstration programmes across the energy sector. In short, their work can comprise any technology-related activity that supports energy security, economic growth, environmental protection and engagement worldwide.Some 40 Implementing Agreements carry out programmes in the areas of energy efficiency (buildings, electricity, industry, and transport), fossil fuels (clean coal, enhanced oil recovery, carbon capture and storage), fusion power (tokamaks, materials, technologies, safety, alternate concepts) and renewable energy technologies, and cross-cutting topics (technology transfer, research databases, and modeling).This publication highlights the most significant recent achievements of the IEA Implementing Agreements. The core of the IEA Energy Technology Network, these initiatives are a fundamental building block for facilitating the entry of new and improved energy technologies into the marketplace.

This edition of Better Policies for Development focuses on illicit financial flows and their detrimental effects on development and growth. Every year, huge sums of money are transferred out of developing countries illegally. The numbers are disputed, but illicit financial flows are often cited as outstripping official development aid and inward investment. These flows strip resources from developing countries that could be used to finance much-needed public services, such as health care and education.This report defines policy coherence for development as a global tool for creating enabling environments for development in a post-2015 context. It shows that coherent policies in OECD countries in areas such as tax evasion, anti-bribery and money laundering can contribute to reducing illicit financial flows from developing countries. It also provides an update on OECD efforts to develop a monitoring matrix for policy coherence for development, based upon existing OECD indicators of ‘policy effort’. The report also includes contributions from member states. Most illustrate national processes to deal with policy coherence for development beyond 2015.

Les manuels d’économie prédisent que les taxes et les systèmes d’échange de permis d’émission sont les solutions les moins onéreuses pour permettre à la société de réduire ses émissions de CO2. Ce livre démontre que cette hypothèse se vérifie également en pratique. Il fournit des estimations sur les coûts pour la société de réduire les émissions de CO2 dans 15 pays, en utilisant une large panoplie d’instruments dans 5 secteurs générant le plus d’émissions : le secteur de production d’électricité, du transport routier, des pâtes & papier et du ciment, ainsi que de la consommation d’énergie des ménages.  Il trouve de grandes variations dans le coût de réduction de chaque tonne de CO2 au sein de et entre les pays, ainsi qu’au sein des secteurs examinés et à travers différents types d’instruments politiques. Des approches axées sur le marché, tels que les taxes et les systèmes d’échange de permis ont systématiquement permis la réduction de CO2 à un moindre coût par rapport à d’autres instruments. Les subventions d’équipement et les tarifs d’achat figuraient, quant à eux, parmi les mesures les plus onéreuses de réduction d’émissions.