Publications


  • 1-March-2018

    English

    OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies: Lithuania

    Lithuania has undergone major economic and social change since the early 1990s. Despite an exceptionally deep recession following the global financial crisis, impressive economic growth over the past two decades has narrowed income and productivity gaps relative to comparable countries in the OECD. But Lithuania faces a massive demographic challenge, mostly as a result of large and persistent emigration driven primarily by low wages and poor working conditions. Income inequality is also very high, and households at the bottom of the income distribution have recently benefited very little from the recovery. Major reforms of the labour code, the unemployment insurance system, employment policies and pensions were recently undertaken within the New Social Model to improve labour maket adaptibility and income security. This report provides comprehensive analysis of Lithuania’s policies and practices compared with best practice in the field of labour, social and migration from the OECD countries. It contains several recommendations to tackle key challenges facing Lithuania. This report will be of interest in Lithuania as well as other countries looking to promote a more inclusive economy.
  • 1-March-2018

    English

    Governance Frameworks to Counter Illicit Trade

    This report examines governance frameworks to counter illicit trade. It looks at the adequacy and effectiveness of sanctions and penalties applicable, the steps parties engaged in illicit trade take to lower the risk of detection - for example through small shipments - and the use of free trade zones as hubs for managing trade in illicit products. It also identifies gaps in enforcement that may need to be addressed. The report provides an overview of selected enforcement issues in BRICS economies (Brazil, China, India, the Russian Federation and South Africa).
  • 28-February-2018

    English

    Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries 2018 - Disbursements, Commitments, Country Indicators

    This annual publication provides comprehensive data on the volume, origin and types of aid and other resource flows to around 150 developing countries. The data show each country's receipts of official development assistance as well as other official and private funds from members of the Development Assistance Committee of the OECD, multilateral agencies and other key donors.  Key development indicators are given for reference.

  • 27-February-2018

    English

    OECD Reviews of Health Systems: Kazakhstan 2018

    Kazakhstan has made significant economic progress over recent decades. Health has risen on the policy agenda with a number of sector reforms introduced to modernise the system and improve the health of the population. This review uses globally recognised frameworks and indicators to evaluate Kazakhstan’s overall health system as well as its primary care and hospital sectors. Data provided by Kazakhstan is used to benchmark the various dimensions of performance with that of OECD countries. While the review points to notable successes, Kazakhstan continues to face challenges to improve the accessibility, equity, and efficiency of health services. To strengthen health system performance, the report points to key actions that Kazakhstan should consider prioritising in the coming years.
  • 27-February-2018

    English

    National Health Accounts of Kazakhstan

    This report assesses how Kazakhstan measures up in the development and application of its national health accounts, delivering a set of recommendations to improve the country’s health care financing information. As Kazakhstan has made significant economic progress over recent decades, health has risen on the policy agenda with a number of sector reforms introduced to modernise the system and improve the health of the population. Informing this agenda and monitoring progress towards health system goals requires accurate, timely and comprehensive information on health care financing and spending. A clear understanding of the resource allocations and drivers in the health sector is a prerequisite to support health system performance in Kazakhstan.
  • 26-February-2018

    English

    Enhancing Competitiveness in Central Asia

    Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan have recorded impressive economic growth rates since 2000, driven mainly by the export of commodities and labour. However, the end of the commodity super-cycle and the recent economic slowdown highlighted the risks inherent in this reliance on minerals exports and remittances, as well as the challenges to be overcome to achieve more stable and inclusive growth. The Central Asian countries have long recognised the importance of enhancing the competitiveness of their economies, diversifying the production structures and improving the resilience to external shocks. This will require ambitious reforms in three areas: governance, connectivity, and business environment. This publication focuses mostly on aspects of the business environment and reflects several years of OECD work with Central Asian countries on access to finance, business internationalisation and skills development. Each of the country case studies presented here is the result of a country-specific project carried out by the OECD, hand-in-hand with the governments of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan.
  • 23-février-2018

    Français

    Atteindre l'égalité femmes-hommes - Un combat difficile

    Les inégalités entre les femmes et les hommes persistent dans tous les domaines de la vie sociale et économique et dans tous les pays. Les jeunes femmes des pays de l’OCDE poursuivent généralement de plus longues études que les jeunes hommes, mais elles sont moins susceptibles que ces derniers d’exercer une activité rémunérée. Les écarts se creusent avec l’âge en règle générale, notamment parce que la maternité a des effets négatifs sur la rémunération et la progression professionnelles des femmes. Celles-ci ont aussi moins tendance à créer leur entreprise, et elles sont sous-représentées au niveau des fonctions dirigeantes dans le secteur privé et dans les institutions publiques.Les Recommandations de 2013 et 2015 de l’OCDE sur l’égalité hommes-femmes fournissent des indications sur les moyens de faire progresser l’égalité entre les sexes en matière d’éducation, d’emploi et d’entrepreneuriat et dans la vie publique ; cet ouvrage examine l’évolution récente dans ces domaines en commençant par en donner une vue d’ensemble, puis en présentant 24 courts chapitres qui exposent chacun les principales conclusions dégagées, ainsi que des recommandations pour l’action. Parmi les thèmes traités figurent la violence contre les femmes, la budgétisation sexo-spécifique, le partage inégal du travail non rémunéré, la situation des femmes sur le marché du travail et au sein des migrations internationales. Les disparités existant entre les sexes sont illustrées par une série d’indicateurs. Sont en outre décrites des initiatives récemment prises par les pouvoirs publics, par exemple pour accroître la transparence des salaires dans le but de réduire les écarts de rémunération entre les femmes et les hommes, ou pour encourager les pères à prendre un congé parental. Dans l’ensemble, les progrès sont lents ; il est donc impératif que les pouvoirs publics intensifient leur action pour mettre fin aux inégalités entre les femmes et les hommes dans les domaines de l’éducation, de l’emploi et de l’entrepreneuriat et dans la vie publique.
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  • 22-février-2018

    Français

    Statistiques de l'OCDE sur les échanges internationaux de services - Volume 2017 Issue 2

    Cette publication rassemble les statistiques sur les échanges internationaux présentés par pays partenaires pour 33 pays de l’OCDE, l’Union européenne, la zone euro, la Lituanie et la Fédération de Russie, ainsi que des liens vers des définitions et des notes méthodologiques. Les données se réfèrent aux échanges entre résidents et non-résidents et sont présentées selon les recommandations du Manuel des statistiques du commerce international des services.Ce volume inclut des tableaux récapitulatifs par pays partenaires et par principales catégories de services. Les séries sont exprimées en dollars des États-Unis et couvrent la période 2012-2016.
  • 22-février-2018

    Français

    Panorama de l'entrepreneuriat 2017

    La publication est produite par le Programme d'indicateurs de l'entrepreneuriat OCDE-Eurostat sur la base de données officielles. L'édition 2017 inclut un chapitre sur les nouvelles tendances, qui présente également les développements récents liés à l'émergence des « travailleurs à la demande » et à l'utilisation des outils numériques par les microentreprises.
  • 21-February-2018

    English

    Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs 2018 - An OECD Scoreboard

    Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs 2018 contributes to filling the knowledge gap in SME finance trends and conditions. This annual publication provides information on debt, equity, asset-based finance, and conditions for SME and entrepreneurship finance, complemented by an overview of recent policy measures to support access to finance. By providing a solid evidence base, the report supports governments in their actions to foster SME access to finance and encourages a culture of policy evaluation.The 2018 report covers 43 countries world-wide. In addition to the core indicators on SME financing, it provides additional information on recent developments in capital market finance for SMEs, crowdfunding and related activities, and findings of demand-side surveys. It contains a thematic chapter on the evaluation of publicly supported credit guarantee schemes.
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