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  • 17-November-2020

    English

    The impact of COVID-19 on SME financing - A special edition of the OECD Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs Scoreboard

    The COVID-19 crisis has had a profound impact on SME access to finance. In particular, the sudden drop in revenues created acute liquidity shortages, threatening the survival of many viable businesses. The report documents an increase in demand for bank lending in the first half of 2020, and a steady supply of credit thanks to government interventions. On the other hand, other sources of finance declined, in particular early-stage equity. This paper, a special edition of Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs, focuses on the impacts of COVID-19 on SME access to finance, along with government policy responses. It reveals that the pre-crisis financing environment was broadly favourable for SMEs and entrepreneurs, who benefited from low interest rates, loose credit standards and an increasingly diverse offer of financing instruments. It documents the unprecedented scope and scale of the policy responses undertaken by governments world-wide, and details their key characteristics, and outlines the principal issues and policy challenges for the next phases of the pandemic, such as the over-indebtedness of SMEs and the need to continue to foster a diverse range of financing instruments for SMEs.
  • 28-June-2018

    English

    OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Hungary 2018

    Hungary has made significant progress in decoupling its output growth from main environmental pressures, largely due to implementing requirements of EU directives. However, greenhouse gas emissions have started to pick up with the recent rebound of economic activity. Local air quality has not improved significantly, and water quality remains at risk. Important institutional challenges impede more effective implementation of environmental laws and policies. Hungary can accelerate the transition towards a low-carbon and greener economy, particularly by investing in residential energy efficiency and sound waste and material management, and better mainstreaming of biodiversity protection into sectoral economic policies. This is the third Environmental Performance Review of Hungary. It evaluates progress towards sustainable development and green growth, with special features on waste, material management and circular economy, and biodiversity.
  • 30-April-2016

    English, PDF, 344kb

    Hungary Policy Brief: Improving SMEs' Access to Finance

    Credit to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) declined more in Hungary than in most other countries since 2008, and credit conditions remain comparatively tight, especially for small businesses, firms with a higher risk-return profile and firms seeking long-term loans.

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  • 30-May-2012

    English

    Ensuring stability and efficiency of the Hungarian financial sector

    Loan creation has not recovered after the crisis owing to a combination of demand and supply factors.

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  • 13-March-2012

    English

    Assessing the sensitivity of Hungarian debt sustainability to macroeconomic shocks under two fiscal policy reactions

    Hungarian debt level has steadily increased since 2001, with the debt-to-GDP ratio reaching about 84% at end-2011.

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  • 25-May-2011

    English

    Bank Profitability: Financial Statements of Banks 2010 - OECD Banking Statistics

    Trends in bank profitability and factors affecting it are major indicators of changes in the state of health of national banking systems. This publication provides nationally aggregated financial statements of banks data for OECD member countries. The coverage of banks is not the same in each country, though the objective is to include all institutions that conduct ordinary banking business, namely institutions which primarily take deposits from the public at large and provide finance for a wide range of purposes. Some information on the number of reporting banks, their branches and staff is also included, as well as structural information regarding the whole financial sector. Moreover, ratios, based on various items of the financial statements of banks in percentage of some specific aggregates, are supplied to facilitate the analysis of trends in bank profitability of OECD countries. Times series available vary according to country, but generally the last five years of available data are shown.
  • 8-March-2011

    English

    How efficient are banks in Hungary?

    Apparent characteristics of the Hungarian banking market such as large profits and high margins suggest weak competitive pressures. Weak competition in turn, may reduce efficiency in a lack of pressures to converge to marginal cost and to stimulate managerial efforts to reduce X-inefficiency.

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  • 17-June-2010

    English

    Enhancing Financial Stability Through Better Regulation in Hungary

    The global crisis exposed weaknesses in the Hungarian financial system that pose risks to financial stability, as discussed in this working paper.

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