In 2016, preliminary data show that ODA reached USD 6.2 billion (0.79% of GNI). In 2015, Turkey’s net ODA amounted to USD 3.9 billion, representing an increase of 26% in real terms over 2014. The ratio of ODA as a share of GNI rose from 0.45% in 2014 to 0.50% in 2015.
As in 2013 and 2014, the increase in Turkey’s ODA mostly related to its response to the refugee crisis in its neighbouring country, Syria. The share of Turkey’s total ODA allocated to Syria increased to 70% in 2015, compared to 65% in 2014 and 52% in 2013. Turkey’s development co-operation is provided in line with the Statutory Decree on the Organization and Duties of the Turkish Co-operation and Co-ordination Agency (TIKA), adopted in 2011. The agency designs and co-ordinates Turkey’s bilateral development co-operation activities and implements projects in collaboration with other ministries, NGOs and the private sector. TIKA is an autonomous institution attached to the Prime Minister’s Office. Other public institutions, NGOs and the private sector also implement projects and programmes funded through Turkey’s ODA.
In 2015, Turkey provided the largest share of its bilateral development co-operation to Syria, Somalia, Kyrgyzstan, Albania and Afghanistan. The main sectors for Turkey’s bilateral development co-operation were humanitarian aid and refugee support, governance and civil society, and education, health and population.
Multilateral ODA accounted for 2% of Turkey’s total ODA in 2015, provided through the United Nations (accounting for 25% of its multilateral ODA), as well as through regional development banks (33%), the International Development Association (8%) and other multilateral organisations.
Turkey, a founding member of the OECD, is an observer to the DAC. In 2016, Turkey participated in the meetings of the DAC, including its high-level and senior-level meetings, as well as meetings of the DAC International Network on Conflict and Fragility and the Working Party on Development Finance Statistics.
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