The following links were provided by the regulatory authorities of OECD member countries and provide information that is relevant to a respective country's management of risk to pollinators, how they evaluate the need for mitigation, which types of mitigation options (i.e. label and non-label) are in use, as well as any educational or training resources used to mitigate potential risk to insect pollinators (Since each website has been developed independently, content, format and degree of information between websites will vary). 

Australia  I  Belgium  I  Canada  I  Germany  I  Ireland  I  Italy  I  Japan  I Korea I  Netherlands  I  New Zealand  I Slovak Republic  I  Switzerland  I  United Kingdom  I  United States

 Australia

• The Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority (APVMA) has the national responsibility for approving labels for pesticide products (https://portal.apvma.gov.au/pubcris) while the use of these products is controlled under Australian state and territory law.
  
  
• At present, the APVMA’s efforts on honey bee risk mitigation are in providing appropriate information, warnings and use instructions on product labels (with a focus on the neonicotinoid insecticides) and in considering the adequacy of current testing methods for examining the effects of crop protection products on bees. The web pages “Overview report on bee health and the use of neonicotinoids in Australia” and “Roadmap for insect pollinator risk assessment in Australia” include information on the work the APVMA is undertaking on this issue.
  
  
• In addition, Australian government departments and statutory authorities, as well as Australian states and territories have a large number of websites, documents and external links to educational information, non-label mitigation, laws and management tools aimed at managing pesticide risks to insect pollinators. For example, the following text lists several sites where such information can be found.

1. The New South Wales Dept. of Primary Industries 
   Information on honey bees and non-label mitigation and on educational and training materials.
   
   
2. Agriculture Victoria
   This page includes an information sheet on 'Living in harmony - pesticides and bees' and a link to an external Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation (RIRDC) website containing a honeybee pesticide poisoning risk management tool.
   
   
3. The Western Australia Department of Agriculture and Food (WA DAF)
   Type ‘bees’ into the search facility to find a range of documents related to honeybee issues in Western Australia.

4. The Department of Primary Industries and Regions, South Australia (PIRSA).
   Type ‘bees’ into the search facility to find a range of documents related to honeybee issues in South Australia.

5. The Queensland Government Department of Agriculture and Fisheries (QLD DAF).
   Type ‘bees’ into the search facility to find a range of documents related to honeybee issues in Queensland.

6. The Tasmanian Government Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment (DPIPWE).
   Type ‘bees’ into the search facility to find a range of documents related to honeybee issues in Tasmania.

7. The Northern Territory Government Department of Primary Industry and Resources (NT DPIR).
   Type ‘bees’ into the search facility to find a range of documents related to honeybee issues in the Northern Territory.

8. Appendix C of the APVMA Environmental Risk Assessment Manual.
    

• A number of public/private partnerships currently exist in Australia to provide tools for industry use:

1. AgriFutures Australia engages in research to improve apiary industries.
2. Plant Health Australia (PHA) has developed “BeeAware”; a website to improve biosecurity, pollination and pesticide management. 
3. CropLife and the Australian Honey Bee Industry Council (AHBIC) provide “BeeConnected”; a website and smart-phone app providing real time information on apiary locations to apiarists, farmers and spray contractors.

Belgium

• An overview of the possible risk mitigation measures for plant protection products, the Belgian guidance document for the risk assessment for bees for the registration of a PPP, and news on bees and PPPs can be found on the website of the Belgian Plant protection service: English, French, Dutch

Canada

• The Health Canada Pest Management Regulatory Agency (PMRA) risk mitigation documents for pollinators, as well as other Health Canada pollinator documents: English, French

Germany

• Information on honeybee testing and labelling: Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety (BVL). 

Ireland

• The  Pesticide Registration and Control Divisions of the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine provide general information on the risk assessment in relation to pollinators as part of the pesticide approval process at: http://www.pcs.agriculture.gov.ie/aboutus/whatareourresponsibilities/specialistareas/pollinators/
• Guidance notes on Integrated Pest Management, which include measures to protect pollinators from the impact of pesticides, are provided as part of Ireland’s implementation of the EU Sustainable Use of Pesticides Directive. 
• The All-Ireland Pollinator Plan 2015-2010 includes measures to reduce the impact of pesticides on pollinators.

Italy

• Information on The Status of Honey Bee Health in Italy - Results from the Nationwide Bee Monitoring: http://www.izsvenezie.com/bee-health-in-italy-national-monitoring-results/ . The full research article can be downloaded here. 
  

Japan

• Information on the measures taken to reduce bee incidents caused by pesticide uses. (Japanese)

Korea

• The Rural Development Administration (RDA) provides general information on data requirements and risk assessment for honeybees, as well as pesticide labels: Korean | English.
  
  

Netherlands

• A description of the methods and working agreements used for risk assessment of PPPs in the Netherlands: https://english.ctgb.nl/plant-protection/documents/assessment-framework-ppp/2018/05/01/content-7.-ecotoxicology-em2.3

• An overview of the possible restriction sentences and warning sentences, including those aimed at protecting insect pollinators, that can be used on the instructions for use of plant protection products (list is in Dutch):
  https://www.ctgb.nl/gewasbeschermingsmiddelen/documenten/toetsingskader-gewasbeschermingsmiddelen/2019/03/27/restrictiezinnen
  
  

New Zealand

• The Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) provides general information on protecting bees and other pollinators.
  
  
• The Hazardous Substances (Hazardous Properties Controls) Notice 2017 and the Hazardous Substances (Labelling) Notice 2017 contain information on the required use and labelling of pesticides.
  
  
• There is a register of product-specific controls.

Slovak Republic

• Information and recommendations regarding the proper use of authorized plant protection products and symbols as a result of the national classification of these plant protection products based on the risk to honey bees can be found on the label of the individual products and in the List of Authorized Plant Protection Products in the Slovak Republic published on the website of the Central Controlling and Testing Institute in Agriculture, Bratislava (Registration authority for plant protection products in the Slovak Republic) (Slovak).
  
  
• The national classification of plant protection products is based on the conclusions of their risk assessment and recommendations of the experts - evaluators. The designated national authority for bee health and risk assessment of plant protection products to bees is the Institute of Apiculture, Liptovský Hrádok. In accordance with the national classification, provisions relating to the proper use of plant protection products with the goal to protect bees and other non-target organisms as well as water sources are set out in the national legislation (Regulation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of the Slovak Republic No. 488/2011 Coll).
  
  
• The education materials (documents) for the education of professional and non-professional users of plant protection products on risk mitigation measures regarding bees are published on the Internet.

Switzerland

• Information and recommendations regarding the use of pesticides and the risk of pesticides to honey bees can be found at the site of the Swiss Bee Research Centre at Agroscope (documents are in English, French, Italian and German).  In Switzerland, the Federal Office for Agriculture (FOAG) has the national responsibility for approving labels for pesticide products (http://www.psm.admin.ch).
  
  
• Informational brochure on best practices to protect bees while using plant protection products (available in German, French and Italian).
  
  
• Regulations concerning plant protection products effective in Switzerland (available in German, French and Italian).
  
  
• Information from the Swiss Bienen Gesundheitsdienst (“bee health service”) on bee intoxications (available in German, French and Italian)

 United Kingdom

• Information on use and labelling of products to manage risk can be found on the Health and Safety Executive website: https://www.hse.gov.uk/pesticides/index.htm.

  This website is searchable and readily navigable from the home page. It addresses all pesticide related issues in the UK including those specifically related to bees and includes a comprehensive section on product labelling. It is frequently updated. Sections relevant to bees include the following: https://www.hse.gov.uk/pesticides/resources/E/Ecotox_risk_mitigation_labelling-2015.pdf and https://www.hse.gov.uk/pesticides/pesticides-registration/data-requirements-handbook/bees-and-non-target-art.htm. In addition, there is information on best practice in the following code of practice: https://www.hse.gov.uk/pesticides/resources/C/Code_of_Practice_for_using_Plant_Protection_Products_-_Complete20Code.pdf.

  There are other publicly available websites which contain a wealth of information on issues related to bees and other pollinators.

• The National Bee Unit (NBU) website is at www.nationalbeeunit.com

  The NBU delivers the Bee Health Programmes on behalf of the Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) and Welsh Government (WG) in England & Wales. It provides training and information for beekeepers, supports a nationwide system of bee inspectors, diagnostic capability and research. It also works within Defra’s Wildlife Incident Investigation Scheme (WIIS), which monitors the effects of pesticides on wildlife, pets and beneficial insects (such as honeybees and bumblebees).

• The British Beekeepers Association (BBKA) maintains a website at www.bbka.org.uk which provides information on bees, beekeeping and bee health
  
  The BBKA is a non-governmental organization which provides information to beekeepers and the general public, training for beekeepers and supports research. It works to promote a healthy environment particularly for pollinators.
  
  A web-based crop spray alerting system, BeeConnected (www.beeconnected.org.uk), linking farmers and beekeepers, is in place across the UK. Alerts from farmers tell beekeepers when spraying is happening up to a maximum of 5km from their hives, the crop being sprayed and the compound being applied. The beekeeper receives an email allowing them to take mitigating action such as moving their hives or shutting the bees in for a short while. This is a joint initiative of the BBKA, the National Farmers Union (NFU) and the Crop Protection Association (CPA). 

 United States

• EPA is collaborating with non-government organizations such as the North American Pollinator Protection Campaign and the Honey Bee Health Coalition which have developed resources for reducing the exposure of bees and other pollinators to pesticides as well as  addressing other factors (e.g. pests) known to be impacting bees.
  
  
• For a broader understanding of EPA Pollinator Protection efforts refer to https://www.epa.gov/pollinator-protection.
  
  
• Information on pesticide labelling for the Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) which regulates pesticides in the United States. 
  
  
• In January, 2017, the U.S. EPA released its policy for addressing acute risk to bees from pesticides. The policy includes reducing pesticide exposure through label modifications and by engaging stakeholders through the development of state and tribal managed pollinator protection plans. The policy, and information on managed pollinator protection plans can be found at https://www.epa.gov/pollinator-protection/policy-mitigating-acute-risk-bees-pesticide-products.  Additional information on actions that the US EPA is taking to protect pollinators, including advances in assessing and mitigating potential risk to insect pollinators can be found at its Pollinator Protection home page, see protect pollinators.
  
  

• EPA-developed webinars on pollinator health and habitat include discussions on: Creating Monarch Habitats in Schools and Communities, Designing and Conducting Bee Studies, Assessing Risks to Bees from Pesticides, Agricultural Stewardship and Best Management Practices to Reduce Pollinator Risk, and Engaging Stakeholders: Development and Implementation of Pollinator Protection Plans, and can be found on EPA’s Webinars on Pollinator Health and Habitat website. In addition, EPA partners with other federal agencies in promoting pollinator protection. An extensive amount of outreach and educational materials may be found at USDA websites, such as the USDA Pollinators website and the Natural Resources Conservation Service website.